The Bundala Ramsar Wetlands are facing various threats from human activities.

The over exploitation of wetland plants and animals have resulted in several species facing the risk of extinction.

The collection of ornamental fish species and introduction of several species of parasitic aquatic animals and plants to wild habitats are posing a threat to the bio-diversity of the region.

Natural phenomena including prolonged droughts also result in tanks, streams, reservoirs, lagoons and marshes drying up causing death and destruction to several species of wetland animals.